Theories of motivationWhat are the theories of motivation?
Teacher
The motivation theories in psychology have been of great interest to human knowledge.
When studying motivation have been several approaches ranging from theories of human motivation, theories of work motivation, motivation theories of learning to more specific theories of motivation.
We can say that the most important theories of motivation are:
1. Maslow's hierarchy of needsHe affirms that human beings have a scale of needs should be covered. To do this, Maslow made a pyramid in which there are five requirements:
Physiological needs: breathing, eating, sleeping, drinking, procreating.
Security needs: employment, physical, family, morality, health security.
Membership needs: friendship, affection, love, sexual intimacy.
Recognition needs: success, achievement, respect, trust.
Self-actualization needs: morality, creativity, lack of prejudice ..
At the base are the physiological needs and on the cusp of self-actualization. It is necessary to cover all the needs from the base to go to the next. That is, until the physiological needs are not covered is may move to the security and so on.
Maslow said: "A musician must make music, an artist must paint, a poet must write, if you finally feel good about yourself What a man can be, should be.".This, Maslow suggests that not all men will be motivated to meet the same needs, so it is in everyone meet the needs created appropriate to reach its purpose.
2. The three factors McClelland
His theory focuses on three types of motivation:
Achievement: it is the urge to succeed and stand out. And so the motivation is to set important goals, targeting excellence, with a focus on the good work and responsibility.
Power: it is the impulse to generate influence and gain recognition of importance. Prestige and status desired.
Affiliation: it is the urge to maintain satisfactory, friendly and close personal relationships, feeling part of a group. It wanted popularity, contact with others and be useful to others.
3. The dual factor theory of Herzberg
Through in-depth study based on identifying human motivation at work, it is concluded that the welfare of the worker is related to:
Hygiene factors are external to the task (personal relationships, working conditions, policies of the organization, etc ...) it is performed
Motivating factors: are those that are directly related to the work itself (recognition, positive encouragement, achievement, salary and incentives ..).
4. Theory X and Theory Y McGregor
It is a popular theory in the business world, in which two conflicting management styles appear.
Theory X assumes that humans are lazy, tending to evade responsibility, and therefore should be encouraged through punishment.
Theory Y assumes that natural is the work effort, and therefore humans tend to seek responsibilities.
5. The theory of expectations
It is based on determining what is looking to get a person within an organization, and the way in which it will try to achieve it. That is, it is based on the determination of expectations to be effective in providing the mechanisms through which fulfill will be achieved.
Need more information about expanding theories of motivation? Want to participate by giving your opinion and contributing your knowledge? Well, do not hesitate to leave your comment telling whatever you like about delas theories of motivation.Greetings and see you soon, Motivasity
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